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2.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 41(1): 44-52, Jan. 2019. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1003516

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective The aim of the present study was to perform a comprehensive review of the literature to provide a complete and clear picture of isthmocele-a hypoechoic area within themyometriumat the site of the uterine scar of a previous cesarean section-by exploring in depth every aspect of this condition. Methods A comprehensive review of the literature was performed to identify the most relevant studies about this topic. Results Every aspect of isthmocele has been studied and described: pathophysiology, clinical symptoms, classification, and diagnosis. Its treatment, both medical and surgical, has also been reported according to the actual literature data. Conclusion Cesarean section is the most common surgical procedure performed worldwide, and one of the consequences of this technique is isthmocele. A single and systematic classification of isthmocele is needed to improve its diagnosis and management. Further studies should be performed to better understand its pathogenesis.


Resumo Objetivo O objetivo do presente estudo foi realizar uma revisão abrangente da literatura a fim de fornecer um quadro completo e claro da istmocele-uma área hipoecoica dentro domiométrio no local da cicatriz uterina de uma cesariana anterior- aprofundando todos os aspectos desta condição Métodos Uma revisão abrangente da literatura foi realizada para identificar os estudos mais relevantes sobre este tema. Resultados Todos os aspectos da istmocele foram estudados e descritos: fisiopatologia, sintomas clínicos, classificação e diagnóstico. Os tratamentos médico e cirúrgico também foram relatados de acordo com os dados reais da literatura. Conclusão A cesárea é o procedimento cirúrgico mais comum realizado em todo o mundo, e uma das consequências desta técnica é a istmocele. Uma classificação única e sistemática da istmocele é necessária para melhorar seu diagnóstico e manejo. Novos estudos devem ser realizados para melhor entender sua patogênese.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Uterine Diseases/diagnosis , Uterine Diseases/etiology , Uterine Diseases/therapy , Uterine Diseases/epidemiology , Cicatrix/diagnosis , Cicatrix/etiology , Cicatrix/therapy , Cicatrix/epidemiology , Myometrium , Cesarean Section/adverse effects , Risk Factors
3.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 40(11): 722-725, Nov. 2018. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-977797

ABSTRACT

Abstract Noncompaction cardiomyopathy (NCCM) and left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC), in their isolated form, are rare cardiomyopathies. They are characterized by a thickened myocardium due to the presence of deep trabeculae recesses, and to thick trabeculae. This condition is associated with a variable clinical phenotype including heart failure, thromboembolism, and sudden death. We report a case of LVNC at 26 weeks and 4 days of gestation revised on the basis of what is currently reported in the literature. A review of the literature was performed to better describe this rare condition. Left ventricular noncompaction is a rare fetal condition and it should be suspected in case of cardiomyopathy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Young Adult , Ultrasonography, Prenatal , Isolated Noncompaction of the Ventricular Myocardium/diagnostic imaging , Heart/diagnostic imaging , Myocardium/pathology
4.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 40(10): 642-646, Oct. 2018. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-977780

ABSTRACT

Abstract Transverse vaginal septum is a rare female genital tract anomaly, and little is described about its surgical treatment. We report the case of a patient who wished to preserve hymenal integrity due to social and cultural beliefs. We performed a vaginoscopic resection of the septum under laparoscopic view, followed by the introduction of a Foley catheter in the vagina, thus preserving the hymen. After 12 months of follow-up, no septal closure was present, and the menstrual flow was effective. Vaginoscopic hysteroscopy is an effectivemethod of vaginal septum resection, even in cases in which hymenal integrity must be preserved due to social and cultural beliefs.


Resumo Septo vaginal transverso é uma anomalia rara do trato genital feminino, e pouco é descrito sobre o tratamento cirúrgico. Relatamos o caso de uma paciente que desejava preservar a integridade do hímen devido a crenças sociais e culturais. Realizamos ressecção vaginoscópica do septo sob visão laparoscópica, seguida da introdução de um cateter de Foley na vagina, preservando assim o hímen. Após 12 meses de acompanhamento, não havia fechamento do septo, e o fluxo menstrual era eficaz. A histeroscopia vaginoscópica é um método eficaz de ressecção dos septos vaginais, incluindo os casosemque a integridade do hímen deve ser mantida devido a crenças sociais e culturais.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Vagina/abnormalities , Vagina/surgery , Hysteroscopy/methods , Organ Sparing Treatments/methods , Hymen
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